Consumer Protection Claims
ทนายคดีผู้บริโภค (ศาลผู้บริโภค) · § Litigation
What to know before you act
Defective goods, unfair standard contracts, online sellers who never deliver or condo projects not built as advertised — consumers can bring consumer cases without a lawyer and largely free of court fees, or complain to the OCPB first. We draft demand letters, prepare evidence (receipts, adverts, chats), file oral or written claims and represent you at mediation — for consumers and for businesses being sued.
Timing and external dependencies: Depends on mediation and hearings; consumer procedure is designed to move faster than ordinary civil cases.
Official fee: Consumers are generally exempt from court fees unless the court finds bad faith — confirm with the court.
Timing is not a promise of an outcome or hearing date. Check the notice, limitation period and current authority rules for your matter.
What to send for the first review
Send every relevant page, a dated sequence of events, any hearing or filing deadline, and the outcome you need. This lets counsel identify urgent steps, missing evidence and a precise scope of work.
- Sales contract, receipt, warranty
- Photos/videos of defective product
- Medical certificate (if injury)
Legal Basis
Consumer Case Procedure Act B.E. 2551 + Product Liability Act B.E. 2551 — consumer plaintiffs pay no court fee and need not prove supplier negligence.
📚 Official sources — check the current law and procedure before acting
- สำนักงานศาลยุติธรรม— Court of Justice
- สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา — ตัวบทกฎหมายฉบับทางการ— Office of the Council of State
Who Needs This
Condo/home buyers with spec mismatches, consumers of dangerous goods, airline passengers affected by cancellations.
Required Documents
- Sales contract, receipt, warranty
- Photos/videos of defective product
- Medical certificate (if injury)
- Complaint correspondence with supplier
Common Pitfalls
- Throwing away packaging or receipts too soon
- Waiting past the limitation period
- Accepting vouchers instead of a refund without reading the waiver
Typical Use-cases
- Condo buyer vs developer over finishing spec mismatch
- Patient vs pharma over undisclosed side-effects
- Customer vs bank over interest charged above published rate
FAQ
- Can I sue a foreign online shop?
- Hard in practice — use platform refunds and card chargebacks first.
- OCPB complaint vs court?
- The OCPB mediates and issues administrative orders; a court gives an enforceable judgment.
- A business sued in a consumer case — what now?
- Prepare evidence quickly, as some burdens of proof fall on the business.
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Official sources — legal services
The information on this page follows the official sources below. Always check the latest version before you file.
- Office of the Judiciary— Office of the Judiciary
- Ministry of Justice— Ministry of Justice
- Lawyers Council of Thailand — Notarial Services Attorneys— Lawyers Council of Thailand
- Office of the Council of State — Thai law database— Office of the Council of State
- Royal Thai Government Gazette— Royal Thai Government Gazette
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Frequently asked questions
- Can a foreigner own 100% of a Thai company?
- Full foreign ownership is possible for some activities, but there is no blanket permission. Check the Foreign Business Act definition, actual activities, sector-specific restrictions and any required licence or certificate. BOI promotion and treaty rights apply only within their approved scope; they do not automatically confer land rights, visas or work permits. Do not use nominee shareholders. Verify the proposed structure with DBD.
- What is the minimum registered capital for a Thai company?
- Do not apply one capital figure to every incorporation, foreign-business licence, visa or work-permit application. Registered capital and paid-up capital are different, and the applicable requirements depend on actual activities, ownership, permit category and any BOI or treaty conditions. Capital is a company funding requirement, not our service fee. Confirm the relevant criteria with DBD, the Department of Employment and Immigration before choosing the structure. Ask our team for a quotation for the agreed work.
- How long does company registration take?
- Separate document preparation, name reservation, signatures and DBD review from VAT registration, Social Security and bank onboarding. Timing depends on the filing channel, complete documents and any requests for corrections or additional evidence; no completion date is guaranteed. Ask our team for a quotation and a planning estimate after the proposed structure and documents have been reviewed.
- What ongoing accounting obligations does a Thai company have?
- A Thai limited company keeps statutory books and prepares audited annual statements even without trading. Tax returns depend on its payments, VAT status, accounting period and taxpayer category: PND1, PND3 and PND53 are not universal monthly returns for every company, and PP30 applies to VAT-registered businesses, including nil-return months while registration remains active. Check PND50, PND51 and each filing deadline with RD; check annual statements and shareholder filings separately with DBD.