Corporate Income Tax Filing (PND 50/51)

ยื่นภาษีเงินได้นิติบุคคล (ภ.ง.ด.50/51) · § Advisory
Quick Answer
PND 50 + audited financials + Disclosure Form · late-filing penalty THB 1,000–2,000 + 1.5%/month surcharge.
Timeline: Prepared 5–10 days after auditor sign-off · e-Filing lodged immediately.
Official fee: No filing fee (free e-Filing) · penalty cap THB 2,000.
Legal Basis
Revenue Code §65–76 · PND 50 annual (within 150 days of fiscal close) · PND 51 mid-year (within 2 months of half-year) · 20% rate (SME ≤THB 5M capital & ≤THB 300M revenue: 15% on first THB 3M).
Who Needs This
Limited companies · registered partnerships · foreign branches · BOI (must still file even if exempt).
Required Documents
- Audited financial statements
- Trial balance + GL
- Fixed-asset & depreciation schedule
- VAT reports
- Withholding tax certificates (PND 53/54)
Common Pitfalls
- Missing Disclosure Form (related-party txns + revenue ≥THB 200M) = THB 200,000 fine.
- §65 ter disallowed expenses (donations >2%, entertainment >0.3% revenue) added back.
- Loss carry-forward capped at 5 accounting periods.
Typical Use-cases
- SME THB 5M capital, THB 50M revenue
- BOI 8-year tax holiday firm
- Foreign branch remitting profit
FAQ
- Must a loss-making company file?
- Yes always · loss can carry forward 5 years.
- BOI exempt — still file?
- Yes · segregate BOI vs non-BOI income clearly.
- Late-filing cost?
- THB 1,000–2,000 penalty + 1.5%/month surcharge (capped at tax due).
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Official sources — company registration & BOI
The information on this page follows the official sources below. Always check the latest version before you file.
- กรมพัฒนาธุรกิจการค้า — จดทะเบียนนิติบุคคล— Department of Business Development
- สำนักงานคณะกรรมการส่งเสริมการลงทุน (BOI) / LTR Visa— Thailand Board of Investment
- กรมสรรพากร — ประมวลรัษฎากร ภาษีเงินได้ VAT— Revenue Department
- สำนักงานคณะกรรมการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล (PDPA)— PDPC Thailand
- สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา — ฐานข้อมูลกฎหมายไทย— Office of the Council of State
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Frequently asked questions
- Can a foreigner own 100% of a Thai company?
- Generally no for activities listed in the Foreign Business Act, where majority foreign ownership requires a Foreign Business Licence, a BOI promotion, or treaty rights such as the US–Thailand Treaty of Amity. Manufacturing and certain export activities are largely open, and BOI-promoted activities can permit full foreign ownership together with land-holding and visa privileges, so the right structure depends on the specific activity.
- What is the minimum registered capital for a Thai company?
- There is no general statutory minimum for a Thai-majority company, but practical thresholds apply: THB 2 million of paid-up registered capital per foreign work permit, or THB 1 million if the foreigner is married to a Thai national, and THB 3 million per foreign shareholder for a Foreign Business Licence. Capital should therefore be planned around the visa and work-permit outcome you need, not the incorporation minimum.
- How long does company registration take?
- Registration at the Department of Business Development can be completed within one to three working days once the name reservation, shareholder documents and company objectives are ready, and the VAT registration and social security registration follow afterwards. The realistic end-to-end timeline including bank account opening is two to six weeks, with the bank account usually being the slowest step for foreign directors.
- What ongoing accounting obligations does a Thai company have?
- Every Thai company must keep statutory accounts, file monthly withholding tax (PND 1, 3, 53) and VAT (PP 30) returns by the middle of the following month, file the half-year corporate income tax return (PND 51) and the annual return (PND 50), and have its financial statements audited by a Thai CPA and filed with the DBD each year. Dormant companies are not exempt — nil returns and an audited statement are still required.






